Amenorrhea

Violation of the menstrual cycle is often combined with infertility. Therefore, parents of girls who have time (at age 16 and later) is not started menstruating, should definitely apply them to a gynecologist - a timely examination and treatment will help restore disturbed functions and give the future a woman joy of motherhood.

What is amenorrhea

Amenorrhea - the absence of a menstrual bleeding for six months or more in the age of 16-45 years. As a natural phenomenon of amenorrhea in this age occur during pregnancy and lactation. Pathological (not included in the concept of the norm) amenorrhea is a sign of an underlying disease of female genital sphere and is usually accompanied by infertility. Amenorrhea is divided into primary and secondary.

Primary amenorrhea - Causes and symptoms

Primary amenorrhea - a condition in which menstruation was never in my life. The reasons for this state may be different. Thus, primary amenorrhea, which is accompanied by lack of puberty, usually caused by a hereditary (genetic) profound hypoplasia of the ovaries.

Most amenorrhea, combined delayed puberty is associated with changes in the brain. For example, tumor or trauma of the hypothalamus (the brain section that controls the autonomic nervous system, responsible for the functioning of the internal organs and blood vessels, as well as the regulation of the endocrine glands). In such a condition amenorrhea combined with various neuro-psychiatric disorders. Amenorrhea may cause disruption of the pituitary gland (the main endocrine glands, which is located in the brain and the "team" activities of other glands). Amenorrhea can also occur against the background of violations of the adrenal gland - in their congenital hypoplasia or with various diseases (eg, tumors).

In primary amenorrhea women have hypoplasia of mammary glands, lack of sexual body hair, intersex (the average between male and female) figure. The examination revealed hypoplasia of both external and internal genital organs. In the ovaries there is no formation of follicles, ovulation is absent. The uterus and ovaries are reduced in size.

Sometimes puberty, women are not violated, but your period does not occur because of the underdevelopment of the uterus and other violations of internal genital organs.

Treatment of primary amenorrhea

Treatment of primary amenorrhea is the conduct of the hormone. It used hormonal preparations, which contain female sex hormones (estrogens and gestagens), contributing to the maturation of ovarian follicle containing an egg breaking this follicle (ovulation) and release the egg into the uterus, and then to the fallopian tube to meet with the sperm and fertilization . These same hormones are preparing the mucous membrane of the uterus to the introduction of a fertilized egg. Cycles of hormone replacement therapy are carried out for 3-4 months, after a break of 1-2 months they spend in a long time.

Secondary amenorrhea - the causes and signs

Secondary amenorrhea - absence of menstruation after a period of regular or irregular menstrual periods. The reason for such violations can be changes in the central nervous system - the so-called psychogenic or stress-amenorrhea caused by various mental injuries that result in changes in metabolism and development of a violation of female sex hormones. Such states are often encountered in wartime. Changes in the internal and external genital organs do not arise.

Similar changes occur with a sharp rise or loss of body weight. Amenorrhea in the loss of body weight usually occurs in young women, who use different diets for losing weight. Body weight at the same time reduced to 25% of the age norm, there is a moderate decrease in the mammary glands, external and internal genital organs (eg, decreases in the size of the uterus). In all such cases, the patient required psychiatric consultation for the exclusion of mental illness - anorexia nervosa.

Amenorrhea with increasing body weight may be caused by different mechanisms that lead to metabolic disturbances and reduce the development of female sex hormones.

Finally, secondary amenorrhea may occur against the background of any disease of the uterus, ovaries or adrenal glands (eg, the growing tumor, etc.).

Treatment of secondary amenorrhea

Treatment of secondary amenorrhea depends on the reasons for its caller. When emotionally stressful because of amenorrhea appointed soothing drugs, recommended removal of traumatic factors. But any soothing drugs usually inhibit the production of female sex hormones, so these hormones are introduced in addition in the form of medicines, nominated short course for 3-4 months.

If amenorrhea occurred against the backdrop of a sharp increase or weight loss, treatment is carried out in conjunction with a gynecologist or endocrinologist, gynecologist-endocrinologist - explains the reasons behind this phenomenon and is appointed by appropriate treatment.

With a lack of weight is assigned nutrition, drugs containing digestive enzymes (which help digest food), vitamins and minerals necessary for the normalization of metabolic disorders.

Any violation of the menstrual cycle - a sign of trouble, and the signal that requires the intervention of a doctor.